Effect of Buzhong Yiqitang on Th17/Treg Immune Imbalance and Notch1 Signaling Pathway in AIT Mice / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo explore the effect of Buzhong Yiqitang on the immune imbalance of helper T cell 17 （Th17）/regulatory T cell （Treg） and Notch1 signaling pathway in mice with autoimmune thyroiditis （AIT）. MethodA total of 60 8-week-old NOD.H-2h4 mice were randomly divided into the normal group， model group， western medicine group （selenium yeast tablet， 32.5 mg·kg-1）， and low-dose （4.78 g·kg-1·d-1）， middle-dose （9.56 g·kg-1·d-1）， and high-dose （19 g·kg-1·d-1） Buzhong Yiqitang groups， with 10 mice in each group. The normal group was fed with distilled water， and the other groups were fed with water containing 0.05% sodium iodide for eight weeks. After the animal model of AIT was formed spontaneously， the mice were killed under anesthesia after intragastric administration for eight weeks. Serum anti-thyroglobulin antibodies （TGAb）， thyroid-stimulating hormone （TSH）， free triiodothyronine （FT3）， and free thyroid hormone （FT4） were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）， and thyroid tissue changes were observed by hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining. The mRNA and protein expressions of retinoid-related orphan receptor-γt （RORγt）， interleukin （IL）-17， forkhead box P3 （FoxP3）， IL-10， Notch1， and hair division-related enhancer 1 （Hes1） in thyroid tissue were detected by Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） and Western blot， respectively. ResultCompared with the normal group， the thyroid structure of the model group was severely damaged， and lymphocytes were infiltrated obviously. The levels of serum TGAb， FT3， and FT4 contents were significantly increased， and TSH content was significantly decreased （P<0.01）. The mRNA and protein expression levels of RORγt， IL-17， Notch1， and Hes1 were significantly increased， while those of FoxP3 and IL10 were significantly decreased in the model group （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， thyroid structural damage and lymphocyte infiltration were improved in the treatment groups， and serum TGAb， FT3， and FT4 contents were significantly decreased. TSH content was increased， and mRNA and protein expression levels of RORγt， IL-17， Notch1， and Hes1 were decreased. mRNA and protein expression levels of FoxP3 and IL-10 were increased to different degrees （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and the middle-dose Buzhong Yiqitang group had the most significant intervention effect. ConclusionBuzhong Yiqitang can alleviate the thyroid structural damage in AIT mice， and its mechanism may be related to improving the abnormal differentiation of Th17/Treg immune cells and inhibiting the activation of the Notch1 signaling pathway.

Buzhong Yiqitang Regulates Apoptosis via Nrf2/ROS Pathway to Alleviate Cisplatin Resistance in A549/DDP Cells / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo explore the mechanism of Buzhong Yiqitang-containing serum in alleviating the cisplatin resistance in human non-small cell lung cancer （A549/DDP） cells via regulating the nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 （Nrf2）/reactive oxygen species （ROS） signaling pathway. MethodThe serum containing Buzhong Yiqitang was prepared and A549/DDP cells were cultured and randomly grouped： blank （10% blank serum）， cisplatin （10% blank serum+20 mg·L-1 cisplatin）， Buzhong Yiqitang （10% Buzhong Yiqitang-containing serum+20 mg·L-1 cisplatin）， ML385 （10% blank serum+5 μmol·L-1 ML385+20 mg·L-1 cisplatin）， Buzhong Yiqitang+ML385 （10% Buzhong Yiqitang-containing serum+5 μmol·L-1 ML385+20 mg·L-1 cisplatin）， tertiary butylhydroquinone （TBHQ） （10% blank serum+5 μmol·L-1 TBHQ+20 mg·L-1 cisplatin）， and Buzhong Yiqitang+TBHQ （10% Buzhong Yiqitang-containing serum+5 μmol·L-1 TBHQ+20 mg·L-1 cisplatin）. The median inhibitory concentration （IC50） of cisplatin in each group was determined by the cell counting kit-8 （CCK-8） method and the resistance index （RI） was calculated. The apoptosis rate was detected by flow cytometry. The ROS content of each group was determined with the DCFH-DA fluorescence probe. Western blot was employed to determine the protein levels of Nrf2， cleaved cysteinyl aspartate-specific protease-3 （cleaved Caspase-3）， cytochrome C （Cyt C）， and B-cell lymphoma-2 （Bcl-2）. ResultCompared with those in the cisplatin group， the IC50 and RI of A549/DDP cells to cisplatin in Buzhong Yiqitang， ML385， and Buzhong Yiqitang+ML385 groups decreased （P˂0.05）. Compared with the blank group， the cisplatin， Buzhong Yiqitang， ML385， and Buzhong Yiqitang+ML385 groups showed increased apoptosis rate of A549/DDP cells （P˂0.05）. Compared with the blank group， cisplatin promoted the expression of Nrf2 （P˂0.05）. Compared with the cisplatin group， Buzhong Yiqitang， ML385， and Buzhong Yiqitang+ML385 inhibited the expression of Nrf2 （P<0.05）， elevated the ROS level （P˂0.05）， up-regulated the protein levels of cleaved Caspase-3 and Cyt C， and down-regulated the protein level of Bcl-2 （P<0.05）， which were the most significant in the Buzhong Yiqitang+ML385 group. Compared with the cisplatin group， the TBHQ group showed increased IC50 and RI of cisplatin （P<0.05）， decreased apoptosis rate of A549/DDP cells （P<0.05）， up-regulated protein levels of Nrf2 and Bcl-2 （P<0.05）， lowered level of ROS （P˂0.05）， and down-regulated protein levels of cleaved Caspase-3 and Cyt C （P<0.05）. Compared with the TBHQ group， Buzhong Yiqitang+TBHQ decreased the IC50 and RI of cisplatin in A549/DDP cells （P<0.05）， increased the apoptosis rate （P<0.05）， down-regulated the protein levels of Nrf2 and Bcl-2 （P<0.05）， increased ROS （P˂0.05）， and up-regulated the protein levels of cleaved Caspase-3 and Cyt C （P<0.05）. ConclusionBuzhong Yiqitang induced apoptosis by inhibiting Nrf2/ROS pathway to alleviate cisplatin resistance in A549/DDP cells.

Buzhong Yiqitang Reduces CIH-induced Pulmonary Inflammatory Injury by ACE2-Ang（1-7）-Mas Axis / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate the intervention effect of Buzhong Yiqitang （BZYQT） on pulmonary inflammation in mice induced by chronic intermittent hypoxia （CIH） and preliminarily elucidate its mechanism. MethodForty healthy male C57BL/6 mice aged 6-8 weeks were randomly divided into the following groups： normoxia group， model group （exposed to CIH）， and low-， medium-， and high-dose BZYQT groups. The normoxia group was exposed to a normoxic environment， while the model group and the low-， medium-， and high-dose BZYQT groups were exposed to intermittent hypoxia. In the BZYQT groups， the BZYQT （8.1， 16.2， 32.4 g·kg-1·d-1） was administered orally 30 min before placing the mice in the hypoxic chamber， while the model group and the normoxia group received an equivalent volume of normal saline. After five weeks of modeling， pulmonary function of the mice was measured using an EMKA animal lung function analyzer， and lung tissue samples were collected after the pulmonary function tests. Hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining was performed to observe the histopathological changes in the lung tissue of each group. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was used to measure the levels of interleukin-6 （IL-6）， interleukin-8 （IL-8）， tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） in the serum， as well as angiotensin Ⅱ （Ang Ⅱ） and angiotensin-（1-7） ［Ang（1-7）］ in lung tissue. Western blot and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the protein expression of IL-6， IL-8， TNF-α， angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 （ACE2）， and mitochondrial assembly receptor （Mas）. ResultCompared with the normoxia group， the model group showed significant abnormalities in lung function （P<0.05， P<0.01）， lung tissue changes， such as thickening of alveolar walls and inflammatory cell infiltration， increased levels of IL-6， IL-8， TNF-α in the serum and Ang Ⅱ in lung tissue （P<0.01）， decreased level of Ang（1-7） （P<0.01）， increased protein expression of IL-6， IL-8， and TNF-α， and decreased protein expression of ACE2 and Mas （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the BZYQT groups showed improvement in lung function （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and HE staining of lung tissue showed approximately normal alveolar wall thickness and reduced inflammatory cell infiltration. Immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis showed a significant decrease in the expression of inflammatory-related proteins （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and a significant increase in ACE2 and Mas protein expression （P<0.05， P<0.01）. ConclusionBZYQT can improve lung injury in mice exposed to CIH by regulating the ACE2-Ang（1-7）-Mas axis to inhibit inflammatory responses.

Potential Mechanism of Buzhong Yiqitang for Autoimmune Thyroiditis Based on miRNA Sequencing / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo determine the influence of Buzhong Yiqitang on miRNA expression in thyroid tissues of mice with autoimmune thyroiditis （AIT）. MethodThirty female 8-week-old NOD.H-2h4 mice were randomly assigned into normal control group， model group， and Buzhong Yiqitang group （BG）， 10 in each group. Mice were subjected to a diet containing 0.05% sodium iodide for 8 weeks to build the AIT mouse model. After 8 weeks of administration （ig）， samples were collected. A thyroid biopsy was performed on each group of mice， and differential miRNAs in thyroid tissues from each group of mice were analyzed based on experimental validation and bioinformatics. ResultCompared with the conditions of normal control group， thyroid lymphocytes had significant inflammatory infiltration， and there was an increase in serum TgAb level and interleukin（IL）-6 and IL-17 expression and a decrease in IL-1β expression in mice of the model group （P<0.05， P<0.01）. In addition， 154 differentially expressed miRNAs were found. Compared with the conditions of model group， the degree of thyroid tissue inflammation was alleviated， and serum TgAb level， and IL-1β， IL-6 and IL-17 expression of mice treated with the Buzhong Yiqitang were reduced （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Additionally， 112 differentially expressed miRNAs were identified in the BG group. Validation using real-time polymerase chain reaction（Real-time PCR） showed the same trend for miR-326-3p， miR-128-3p， miR-223-5p， miR-141-3p， miR-871-3p， and miR-204-3p as that obtained from miRNA sequencing. In particular， gene ontology（GO） functions were enriched for regulation of T cell activation， oxidative stress， and miRNA binding. Pathways identified by Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes（KEGG）database tended to be enriched in phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases（PI3K）/protein kinase B（Akt）， mitogen-activated protein kinase（MAPK）， and cyclic adenosine monophosphate（cAMP） signaling pathways. Based on miRNA prediction differences， three key genes were identified： SMAD3， JAK2， and STAT3. ConclusionBushong Yiqitang might treat autoimmune thyroiditis by regulating 6 miRNAs.

Clinical Efficacy and Bone Turnover Markers of Buzhong Yiqitang in Treatment of Senile Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fracture After Operation Based on ''Spleen Governing Muscle'' / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo study the effect on quality of life and the bone turnover markers of Buzhong Yiqitang in the treatment of senile osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture （OVCF， syndrome of Qi deficiency in spleen and stomach） after operation based on ''spleen governing muscle''. MethodA total of 135 senile patients with OVCF treated by percutaneous kyphoplasty in Rizhao Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2020 to January 2021 were enrolled in this study. They were randomly assigned to two groups on the basis of block randomization at a ratio of 2∶1 （90 cases in the observation group and 45 cases in the control group）. Both groups were administrated with calcitriol capsules （0.5 μg·d-1） and caltrate D （1 200 mg·d-1） for basic treatment of osteoporosis. The observation group was additionally treated with Buzhong Yiqitang. Bone mineral density （BMD）， procollagen type Ⅰ N-terminal propeptide （PINP）， osteocalcin （OST）， β cross-linked C-telopeptide of type 1 collagen （β-CTx）， appendicular skeletal muscle mass index （ASMI）， and quadriceps muscle strength were compared between the two groups before and 6， 12 months after treatment. Additionally， traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） symptom score and visual analogue score （VAS） before and 3， 6 months after treatment， as well as quality of life questionnaire of the European Foundation for osteoporosis （QUALEFFO） score before and 3， 6， 12 months after treatment， were compared between the two groups. ResultA total of 85 patients in the observation group and 41 patients in the control group were followed up. The general curative effect of the observation group was better than that of the control group （χ2=10.503， P<0.05）. Specifically， the observation group had higher PINP， BMD， ASMI， and quadriceps muscle strength but lower β-CTx， TCM symptom score， VAS， and QUALEFFO score than the control group （P<0.05， P<0.01）. No adverse reactions related to Buzhong Yiqitang were observed. ConclusionBuzhong Yiqitang can regulate bone metabolism indexes， promote osteogenesis， increase bone density， enhance skeleton appendiculare and quadriceps muscle strength， relieve clinical symptoms， and improve quality of life in patients with senile OVCF （syndrome of Qi deficiency in spleen and stomach）， being worthy of promotion in clinical application.

Regulation Effect and Clinical Efficacy of Addition and Subtraction Therapy of Jinkui Shenqiwan Combined with Buzhong Yiqitang on Immune Inflammatory Factors of Patients with Postmenopausal Osteoporosis and Deficiency of Spleen and Kidney / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of addition and subtraction therapy of Jinkui Shenqiwan combined with Buzhong Yiqitang to postmenopausal osteoporosis （PMO） with deficiency of spleen and kidney， and to investigate its regulation effect on immune inflammatory factors. Method:One hundred and sixty patients were randomly divided into observation group and control group， with 80 cases in each group. Both groups got comprehensive western medicine treatment measures. Patients in control group additionally got Zhuanggu Zhitong capsule， 4 capsules/time， 3 times/day. Patients in observation group additionally got addition and subtraction therapy of Jinkui Shenqiwan combined with Buzhong Yiqitang， 1 dose/day. The treatment was continued for 24 weeks. Before and after treatment， lumbar L2-4 bone mineral density （BMD） was detected by Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry （DXA） and lumbar BMD was detected by quantitative CT （QCT）. Scores of traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） syndromes and Chinese osteoporosis-targeted quality of life questionnaire （COQOL） were graded. Levels of Estradiol （E₂）， type Ⅰ procollagen amino terminal pro peptide （PINP）， serum osteocalcin （OC）， osteoprotegerin （OPG）， type Ⅰ collagen cross-linked C-terminal peptide （S-CTX）， tartrate resistant acid phosphatase （TRACP） and urinary pyridinoline （PYD） were detected. Levels of CD4⁺ T cells， CD8⁺ T cells， interleukin-17 （IL-17）， tumor necrosis factor-<italic>α</italic> （TNF-<italic>α</italic>）， <italic>γ-</italic>interferon（IFN-<italic>γ</italic>） and interleukin-4 （IL-4） were calculated. The proportion of T helper cell （Th）17 and regulatory T cell （Treg） in CD4⁺ T cells was calculated. Besides， the safety was evaluated. Result:Bone density was detected by DXA in observation group， and its T-value and bone density detected by QCT were all higher than those in control group （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. After treatment， scores of TCM syndrome and COQOL were lower than those in control group （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. Levels of PINP， OC， S-CTX， TRACP and PYD/Cr were all lower than those in control group （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. Levels of OPG， CD8⁺ and Treg were higher than those in control group （<italic>P</italic><0.05）， levels of Th17， Th17/Treg， CD4⁺/CD8⁺， IL-17， TNF-<italic>α</italic> and IFN-<italic>γ </italic>were lower （<italic>P</italic><0.01）， and levels of IL-4 and E₂ were higher than those in control group （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. The clinical efficacy in observation group was better than that in control group （<italic>Z</italic>=2.103， <italic>P</italic><0.05）. Conclusion:On the basis of calcium and vitamin D supplementation， Jinkui Shenqiwan combined with Buzhong Yiqitang can improve levels of E₂ and bone density， reduce clinical symptoms， improve quality of life， regulate bone metabolism index and immune inflammation reaction， with better clinical efficacy and safety.

Effect and Safety of Modified Buzhong Yiqitang on VEGF， IGF-1， TGF-β1， and Immune Function in Postoperative Patients with Non-small Cell Lung Cancer After Chemotherapy / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To explore the application value of modified Buzhong Yiqitang （BZYQT） in the treatment of postoperative patients with non-small cell lung cancer （Qi deficiency in lung and spleen） after chemotherapy， and to observe its effect on tumor angiogenesis， immune function， tumor indicators， and lung function indicators. Method:Ninety-six patients who were treated in the Kunming municipal hospital of traditional Chinese medicine from March 2018 to February 2020 due to postoperative chemotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer were selected and assigned into a control group （<italic>n</italic>=48， western medicine） and an observation group （<italic>n</italic>=48， western medicine+modified BZYQT） by the random number table. The curative efficacies were compared after the treatment. Result:After treatment， the serum levels of carcinoembryonic antigen （CEA）， cytokeratin 19 fragment 21-1 （CYFRA21-1）， serum insulin-like growth factor-1 （IGF-1）， vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF）， and transforming growth factor（TGF）-<italic>β</italic>₁ in the observation group were lower than those in the control group （<italic>P</italic><0.05）， while the serum CD4⁺/CD8⁺，CD4⁺ cells， immunoglobulin G （IgG） levels， forced expiratory volume in one second （FEV₁），and FEV₁/forced vital capacity （FVC） in the observation group were higher than those in the control group （<italic>P</italic><0.05）. A significant difference was observed in the total response rate between the observation group ［56.25% （27/48）］ and the control group ［35.42% （17/48）］ （<italic>χ</italic>²＝4.191，<italic>P</italic><0.05）. For adverse reactions，the incidence of bone marrow suppression（<italic>χ</italic>²＝4.002）， gastrointestinal reaction （<italic>χ</italic>²＝7.069），and hepatic and renal injury （<italic>χ</italic>²＝5.151） was lower in the observation group than in the control group （<italic>P</italic><0.05）. Conclusion:For postoperative patients with non-small cell lung cancer （Qi deficiency in lung and spleen） after chemotherapy， western medicine combined with modified BZYQT could ameliorate immune function， promote pulmonary function recovery， improve clinical efficacy， and reduce the incidence of adverse reactions.

Clinical Observation of Modified Buzhong Yiqitang Combined with Erxian Decoction in Treatment of Stress Urinary Incontinence in Perimenopausal Women / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of the modified Buzhong Yiqitang combined with Erxian decoction in treating stress urinary incontinence （SUI） of perimenopausal women due to spleen and kidney Qi deficiency. Method:One hundred and six patients were randomly divided into a control group （52 cases） and an observation group（54 cases）. Patients in both groups received lifestyle intervention and pelvic floor muscle training （PFMT）. On this basis， patients in the observation group were further treated with the modified Buzhong Yiqitang combined with Erxian decoction， 1 bag/day， while those in the control group were provided with Suoquan pills， 6 g/time， 2 times/day， for eight weeks. Following the international consultation on incontinence questionnaire-short form （ICIQ-SF） scoring before and after treatment， the urodynamic parameters such as maximum urinary flow rate （Q_max）， maximum urethral closure pressure （MUCP）， residual urine volume （RUV）， abdominal pressure leakage point pressure （ALPP）， and bladder capacity （BC） were measured. The number of incontinence episodes per 24 h， the degree of urinary incontinence， the amount of 1 h urine leakage， and the spleen and kidney Qi deficiency syndrome score were recorded before and after treatment. The levels of estradiol （E₂）， follicle stimulating hormone （FSH）， pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide （PACAP）， and vasoactive intestinal peptide （VIP） were measured before and after treatment. Result:The ICIQ-SF sub-scores of the urinary incontinence frequency， severity， and impact on quality of life as well as the total score in the observation group were all lower than those in the control group （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. Q_max， MUCP， ALPP and BC in the observation group were elevated in contrast to those in control group （<italic>P</italic><0.01）， while the RUV declined （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. Compared with the control group， the observation group exhibited a decreased number of incontinence episodes per 24 h， milder degree of urinary incontinence， reduced amount of 1 h urine leakage， and lower spleen and kidney Qi deficiency syndrome score （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. The E₂， PACAP， and VIP in the observation group were up-regulated as compared with those in the control group （<italic>P</italic><0.01）， whereas the FSH was down-regulated （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. The cure and effective rates of the observation group were （29/50） 58.00% and （47/50）94.00%， respectively， significantly better than （18/48）37.50% and （38/48）79.17% of the control group （<italic>χ</italic>²=4.124， <italic>χ</italic>²=4.683， <italic>P</italic><0.05）. Conclusion:On the basis of the lifestyle intervention and PFMT， the modified Buzhong Yiqitang combined with Erxian decoction obviously alleviates urinary incontinence， adjusts sex hormones， PACAP and VIP， ameliorates urodynamic parameters， and enhances the quality of life of patients with SUI due to spleen and kidney Qi deficiency. The resulting cure and effective rates are superior to those of the positive control.

Protective Effect and Mechanism of Buzhong Yiqitang on Concanavalin A-induced Acute Liver Failure in Mice / 中国实验方剂学杂志

<b>Objective::To explore the hepatoprotective effect and the mechanism of Buzhong Yiqitang (BZYQT) on mice with acute liver failure induced by Concanavalin A (ConA). <b>Method::A total of 80 mice were randomly divided into normal group, model group, Cyclosporine A (CsA) group, BZYQT low and high dose group (10.5, 21 g·kg^-1), 16 mice per group. All the mice except for normal group were injected intravenously with 15 mg·kg^-1 ConA. The treatment group mice were orally administrated with BZYQT, or intravenously administrated with 50 mg·kg^-1 CsA 30 min post ConA injection, normal and model group mice were orally administrated with ddH₂O at the same time. Blood, liver and spleen were collected 3 and 10 h post ConA injection. Cytokine levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-<italic>α</italic>), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-12 (IL-12), interferon-gamma (IFN-<italic>γ</italic>) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) in the serum were detected with cytometric bead array. The alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels in the serum were analyzed with fully automatic biochemical analyzer. The pathological changes of liver tissues were observed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. The activation of splenic CD4⁺ T lymphocytes was analyzed by flow cytometry. The expression and phosphorylation of extracellular regulated protein kinase 1/2(ERK1/2) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) was analyzed by Western blot. <b>Result::Compared with normal group, model group showed higher levels of ALT and AST in the serum (<italic>P</italic><0.01), obvious pathological damage of liver tissue, higher levels of TNF-<italic>α</italic>, IL-6, IL-12, IFN-<italic>γ</italic> and MCP-1 in the serum (<italic>P</italic><0.01), higher expression of IL-2, IFN-<italic>γ</italic> and IL-4 CD4⁺ T lymphocytes in the spleen (<italic>P</italic><0.01), and elevated levels of phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK (<italic>P</italic><0.01). Compared with the model group, BZYQT high dose group showed decreased levels of ALT and AST (<italic>P</italic>< 0.05, <italic>P</italic><0.01), reduced liver injury, decreased levels of TNF-<italic>α</italic>, IL-6, IL-12, IFN-<italic>γ</italic> and MCP-1 in the serum (<italic>P</italic><0.05, <italic>P</italic><0.01), reduced level of IL-2 and IFN-<italic>γ</italic> CD4⁺ T lymphocytes in the spleen (<italic>P</italic><0.05, <italic>P</italic><0.01), and reduced levels of phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK (<italic>P</italic><0.05, <italic>P</italic><0.01). <b>Conclusion::BZYQT has a protective effect on mice with acute liver failure induced by ConA. The mechanism may be through inhibiting ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK signaling pathways, thereby reducing T lymphocyte activation and inflammatory cytokine secretion.

Effect of Modified Buzhong Yiqitang on Cardiac Function of Diabetic Cardiomyopathy Rats and FABP3 and PPARγ Proteins of Rat Cardiac Myocytes / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective: To study the effects of modified Buzhong Yiqitang on cardiac function and fat acid binding protein3 (FABP3)and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma(PPARγ) protein of cardiac myocytes in type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM) rats, and to explore the mechanism of this prescription to protect T2DM cardiomyopathy. Method: After 6 weeks of high-glucose and high-fat diet, streptozotocin (STZ) was intraperitoneally injected (50 mg·kg-1) to establish a diabetic rat model, and then randomly divided into normal group, model group, modified Buzhong Yiqitang group (21 g·kg-1) and metformin hydrochloride group (2 g·kg-1). After continuous administration for 6 weeks, echocardiography was used to detect the cardiac structure and function of the rats in each group. Combined with the measured blood glucose level, it was judged that the rat model building of diabetic cardiomyopathy was successful.Rat heart tissue was dissected, and rat myocardial morphology was observed by hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining. Western blot was used to detect the expression levels of FABP3 and PPARγ proteins in rat myocardium. Result: Compared with normal group, levels of blood sugar, total triglyceride(TC), triglyceride(TG),insulin (INS) in model group rats increased significantly (PPγ protein expression levels were significantly lower (PPPγ protein expression was significantly increased (PConclusion: Modified Buzhong Yiqitang can improve glucose and lipid metabolism disorder in diabetic cardiomyopathy rats, improve cardiac function in diabetic cardiomyopathy rats, increase the expression of PPARγ in cardiomyocytes, and reduce the expression of FABP3 protein.